When performing botulinum therapy on mature-age female patients, it is necessary to take into account all pathogenetic mechanisms involved in the formation of the clinical picture of menopausal facial aging.

On the correction of a gummy smile, mimic wrinkles, and age-related changes in the lower third of the face and neck, as well as combined techniques for the use of botulinum toxin type A.

On the correction of mimic wrinkles and age-related changes in the upper third of the face (forehead, glabella, eyebrows, eyes, nose) using botulinum toxin type A.

Today, the professional market offers an entire family of botulinum toxin–containing drugs, but they are not “twins” and have different safety and efficacy profiles, as well as differences related to production, composition, and application protocols.

In recent years, botulinum toxin preparations have gained popularity as a means of smoothing out expression lines — wrinkles caused by excessive activity of the facial muscles. But is Botox really dangerous, and what do we actually know about it?

An in-depth analysis of the lack of effect of botulinum toxin type A treatment and the decline in its efficacy with long-term use. Causes of nonresponse or reduced effect with prolonged administration.

Xeomin has been used in clinical practice for more than 10 years, with over 127,000 people having received injections of this drug, and to date, not a single patient has been identified who failed to show a secondary clinical response.

A mapping scheme of the upper third of the face that is universal, effective, and safe for a beginner specialist. This method of marking injection points makes it possible to predict a favorable outcome of botulinum therapy for wrinkles in the upper third of the face.

Millions of botulinum toxin injections have been performed worldwide. However, not all of them were done with contraindications taken into account, and not all patients were satisfied with the results.

People often ask me what I prefer: Botox or Dysport? My answer is unoriginal: I love both of these products. But it’s important that the love is mutual.